GHK (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) is a naturally occurring tripeptide present in human plasma, saliva, and urine. When bound to copper (Cu²⁺), it forms GHK-Cu, one of the most studied peptides for skin and tissue regeneration. Research shows GHK levels naturally decrease with age: - Age 20: 200 ng/ml in plasma - Age 60: 80 ng/ml in plasma This decline correlates with reduced regenerative capacity. GHK-Cu has been shown to: - Stimulate blood vessel and nerve outgrowth - Increase collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis - Support dermal fibroblast function - Increase mRNA and protein production for key structural proteins - Enhance decorin synthesis (involved in wound healing) The peptide demonstrates a unique balanced approach: - Stimulates both synthesis AND breakdown of collagen - Modulates metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) - Creates balanced removal of damaged matrix while producing new, healthy tissue Gene mapping shows GHK-Cu can influence
GHK-Cu: Copper Peptide Research Guide
Understanding GHK-Cu, the copper-bound tripeptide studied for skin regeneration and collagen synthesis.